Carburetor



Feb. 24, 1942. R, RTON 2,274,587

CARBURETOR Filed Dec. 3, 1940 v 2 Sheets-Sheet l Feb. 24, 1942. R. BURTON- CARBURETOR Filed Dec. 5, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 llllllllll Patented Feb. 24, 1942 UNITED STATE s PATENT oer-Ice CARBURETOR Boy Burton, Detroit, Mich. ApplicationDecember 3, 1940, Serial No. 368,380

1 Claim.

My invention relates to carburetors and has as one of the principal objects thereof the provision of a carburetor so constructed and arranged whereby the same may be disposed in any position with respect to the vertical and without resultant interference in its operation thereby admirably lending itself to utilization in connection with internal combustion engines of various vehicles, especially aircraft.

Another object of my invention is to providea carburetor of the above described character wherein the usual choke is eliminated. and which is so constructed and arranged whereby the same may be applied to internal combustion engines already in use Without modifying said engines.

An important object of my invention is to provide a devicerof the character described. which is 1 simple in construction, durable in use, efficient in operation and economical in manufacture.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent from the following description, appended claim and annexed drawings.

Referring to the drawings wherein. like reference characters designate like parts throughout the several views:

Figure l is a side elevation of my invention and illustrating the same connected to the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine.

Figure 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 22 of Figure l.

Figure 3' is a side elevation of the valve member for controlling the air supply.

Figure 4 is a top plan view of the valve member.

Figure 5 is a side elevation of the plunger for controlling the liquid fuel.

Figure 6 is a sectional view taken on 66 of Figure 2. f

Figure 7 is a detail sectional view taken on the the line line l'! of Figure 6. In practising my invention, as illustrated in the drawings, I provide a casing 5 having upper and lower sections 6 and 1 respectively. The

tubes of the upper and lower sections 6 and 1 constitute sleeves 8 and 9 respectively and with the sleeve 8 connected. within a collar Ill communicating with anair filter ll whereby air is supplied to the casing'forapurpose hereinafter set forth. Inasmuch as the filter I I isof an ordinary construction and forms no part of the present invention per se, a more detailed disclosure of the same is not believed warranted.

The sections 6 and I are fashioned at their opposed ends with outwardly disposed circum-' ferential flanges 12 having interposed therebetween the edge l3 of a disk It secured between said flanges by bolts l5 with the-latter connecting the flanges l2 and portion I3 together in sealed relation against leakage.

Adjacent the edge I3, the disk It is fashioned with a plurality of inclined spaced fins 16 having their inner edge faceswelded to the outer'peripheral face of a housing I! extending centrally through the disk and-supported by the latter in spaced relation with the casing. The housing coacts with the inner face of the casing to define an air chamber I3 surrounding said housing. The inclination of the fins I6 is such as to effect circumrotation of air propelled therebetween and introducedintothe lower section of the air chamber from the filter II as hereinafter set forth. The lower endof the sleeve 9 is formed with a conduit l9 connecting the sleeve to the intake manifold 20 of an internal combustion engine (not shown). At the jointure of the upper end ofthe sleeve'9 with the section .1 of the casing 5,

the sleeve is. fashioned with the circumferential valve seat 2| for receiving therein the lower end of the skirt'ZZ of a valve member 23 to preclude communication between the chamber l8 and the sleeve 9. p

The housing ll comprises upper and lower sections 24 and 25 respectively and with the lower face of the lower section fashioned with a circumferential groove 26 slidably receiving the upper end of theskirt 22, thus, when said skirt is operated upwardly within the groove .26, as hereinafter set forth, the lower endof the skirt will be disposed above the valve seat 2| and permit communication between the chamber 18 and the sleeve 9 for a purpose hereinafter more fully described. At its lower end, theskirt 22 is interiorly provided with a spider 21 having ahub 28 through which isthreaded the lower end of a rod 29, the latter being maintained in adjusted position in respect to the hub 28 by means of a lock nut 30; The upper end. of therod 29 is slidably disposed withina socket 3| formed in the. under face of a plunger 32 slidablymounted within a borev 33 formed-in the lower section 2-5- of the housing I1. I

Seatedon the hub 28 and sleeved about'the rod 2 9 is aooil spring 34, engaging the un'derface of the plunger 32 and normally urging the latter upwardly within the bore 33. The lower end of the rod is provided with a shoe 35 engaging the periphery of a cam 36 fixed on a shaft 3! extending transversely through the sleeve 9 and rotatably journaled in bearings 38 formed on the outer face of the sleeve 9. Obviously, rotation of the cam 36, by the shaft 31, serves to raise and lower the rod 29 and as a consequence effects a likewise operation of the skirt 22 whereby the passage of air into the sleeve 9 from the chamber I8 is controlled.

The upper section of the housing constitutes a liquid fuel chamber 39 defined by the lower section 25 and a circumferential side wall 46, the latter terminating, at its upper end, in an; inwardly extending circumferential flange 4| defining a fuel opening 42 over which is disposed a closure plate 43. The closure plate 43 is provided with a centrally disposed nipple 44 threadedly connected to one end of a liquid fuel supply pipe 45 having its opposite end extending through one side of the upper section 6 of the casing and connected to a pipe 46 leading to a liquid fuel supply source (not shown). A gasket 41 is interposed between the plate 43 and flange 4i and with the plate and gasket secured to the fiange by bolts as at 43. Above the nipple 44, the pipe 45 has sleeved thereon the upper portion of a dome-shaped hood 49, the base of the latter being connected to the plate 43 by means of the bolts 48. The hood 49 serves to evenly direct the air into the chamber l8 from the air filter H.

The lower section 25 of the housing is provided with a projection 50 extending upwardly into the liquid fuel chamber 39 of the upper section 24 of the housing. The projection 56 is provided with a bore 5| coaxial with the bore 33 and slidably receives the upper end section of the plunger 32. The upper end of the projection 56 has threaded thereon a nozzle 52 formed with a fuel intake opening 53 in its tip and which opening is controlled by a needle valve 54 fixed to the upper end'of the plunger 32 slidably disposed within the nozzle 52. The diameter of the plunger is somewhat less than the diameters of the bores 33 and 5! and the inside diameter of the nozzle 52 whereby to provide a fuel passage 55 about said plunger and with said passage extending from the tip of the nozzle to the lower face of the lower section of the housing for communication with the interior of the skirt 22.

Rotatably mounted in one side of the lower section 25 of the housing is the inner end section of a transverse shaft 56, the outer end section of the latter extending through the adjacent side of the casing 5 and journaled in a bearing 51 formed on said casing. The inner end of the shaft 56 is provided with an eccentric pin 58 rotatably and slidably mounted in a transverse slot 59 formed in the side face of the plunger 32 as clearly illustrated in Figure 5 of the drawings. Obviously, rotation of the shaft 56 serves to raise and lower the plunger with respect to the nozzle and thus controls the fuel intake opening 53 as heretofore set forth.

Disposed over and about the nozzle is a substantially dome shaped shell 66 having its lower end supported above the upper face of the lower "section 25 by means of a screen 6| for filtering liquid fuel passing into the shell 66 for introduction into the intake opening 53 in said nozzle.

The outer ends of the shafts 31 and 56 have fixed thereto the upper ends of a pair of relatively adjustable operating arms 62, said arms being provided with slots 63 receiving therethrough a bolt 64 provided with a nut 65 to maintain said arms in adjusted position with respect to each other. One of the arms has pivotally connected to its lower end an operating rod 66 for effecting operation of the shafts 31 and 56. Obviously, by adjusting the arms 62 in respect to each other the degree of rotation of one shaft the medium of the arms 62.

may be varied with respect to the other.

In operation, the parts being in the positions illustrated in Figure 2, the rod 66 is actuated to effect operation of the shafts 3'! and 56 through Operation of the shaft 56 serves to lower the plunger 32 with respect to the nozzle and as a consequence efiects opening of the intake opening in the nozzle to permit liquid fuel, for instance, gasoline to be drawn therethrough into the passage 55 from the liquid fuel chamber l8, it being understood that the gasoline is introduced into the chamber 39 through the pipes 45 and 46. When the gasoline is thus introduced into the passage 55 the same is discharged within the upper section of the sleeve 9 through the skirt 22.

Simultaneously with the lowering of the plunger 32, the skirt 22 is raised out of the valve seat 2| through the medium of the cam 36 thereby permitting air from the chamber if! to be introduced into the upper section of the sleeve 9 for mixture with the gasoline and said mixture drawn into the intake manifold 20 through the conduit l9. By rotatably adjusting the shafts 31 and 56 through the medium of the rods 62 the speed of the engine may be governed to meet the requirements of the operator.

From the foregoing, it will be apparent that I have provided a simple and efiicient form of carburetor capable of being operated in various positions with respect to the vertical and which admirably lends itself to utilization in connection with internal combustion engines of various vehicles, especially aircraft.

Without further elaboration the foregoing will so fully explain the invention that others may, by applying current knowledge, readily adapt'the same for use under various conditions of service. Moreover, it is not indispensable that all the features of the invention be used conjointly since they may be employed advantageously in various combinations and sub-combinations.

It is obvious that the invention is not confined to the herein described use therefor as it may be utilized for any purpose to which it is adaptable. It is therefore to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific construction as illustrated and described as the same is only illustrative of the principles of operation, which are capable of extended application in various forms, and that the invention comprehends all construction within the scope of the appended claim.

What I claim is:

In a device of the character described, a casing formed at one end with a sleeve constituting a fuel mixing chamber adapted to be connected to the intake manifold of an engine and formed with a circumferential recess constituting a valve seat, a housing disposed within said casing in spaced relation with the inner face of said casing and coacting with said face to define an air chamber surrounding said housing and with said air chamber communicable with said mixing chamber, said housing provided at one end with liquid fuel supply means extending through said casing, a plurality of spaced inclined fins mounted within said casing and fixed to said housing for supporting the latter within said casing and for rotating air propelled through said fins for introduction into said mixing chamber, said housing provided with a liquid fuel filtering chamber .and a liquidfuel passage for effecting communication between said filtering chamber and said mixing chamber, a valve disposed in said passage for controlling the introduction of liquid fuel from said passage into said mixing chamber, filtering means disposed within said filtering chamber and interposed between said valve and liquid fuel supply means, said housing provided 

